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Infection Prevention, Sterilization & Biohazard Safety (Nursing & Patient Care) Solved Questions & Notes (2026) - Apex Rankers

Medical & Health Sciences > Nursing & Patient Care > Infection Prevention, Sterilization & Biohazard Safety

100 Total Solved Questions
~150 mins Estimated Reading Time
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Infection Prevention, Sterilization & Biohazard Safety

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🎯 Practice
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Q. 1 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
In specialized clinical nursing practice: According to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
B
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
C
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
D
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 2 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
Under ISPD, CDC and critical care nursing protocols, according to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
B
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
C
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
D
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 3 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
A registered dialysis / ICU staff nurse caring for a clinical patient reviews: According to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
B
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
C
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
D
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 4 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
Regarding patient safety, aseptic procedures, and hospital infection prevention: According to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
B
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
C
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
D
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 5 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
In emergency resuscitation, patient monitoring, and clinical triage, according to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
B
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
C
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
D
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 6 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
Under medication administration rights, dosage calculations, and pharmacovigilance: According to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
B
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
C
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
D
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 7 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
Which nursing intervention is prioritized when considering: according to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
B
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
C
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
D
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 8 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
During perioperative nursing care and post-transplant patient management: According to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
B
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
C
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
D
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 9 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
In diagnostic blood collection, vacutainer handling, and transfusion safety: According to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
B
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
C
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
D
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 10 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
From the perspective of bedside nursing fundamentals and quality patient care: According to CDC and WHO infection control guidelines, what is the correct sequence for DONNING Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A
Gloves first -> Gown -> Mask -> Goggles
B
Gown first -> Mask/Respirator -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gloves
✓ Correct
C
Mask first -> Gloves -> Gown -> Goggles
D
Goggles first -> Mask -> Gloves -> Gown
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The standardized CDC donning sequence is: 1. Gown, 2. Mask or Respirator (N95), 3. Goggles or Face Shield, 4. Gloves (extending over gown wrists).
Q. 11 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
In specialized clinical nursing practice: What is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
B
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
C
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
D
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 12 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
Under ISPD, CDC and critical care nursing protocols, what is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
B
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
C
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
D
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 13 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
A registered dialysis / ICU staff nurse caring for a clinical patient reviews: What is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
B
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
C
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
D
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 14 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
Regarding patient safety, aseptic procedures, and hospital infection prevention: What is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
B
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
C
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
D
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 15 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
In emergency resuscitation, patient monitoring, and clinical triage, what is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
B
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
C
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
D
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 16 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
Under medication administration rights, dosage calculations, and pharmacovigilance: What is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
B
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
C
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
D
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 17 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
Which nursing intervention is prioritized when considering: what is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
B
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
C
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
D
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 18 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
During perioperative nursing care and post-transplant patient management: What is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
B
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
C
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
D
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 19 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
In diagnostic blood collection, vacutainer handling, and transfusion safety: What is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
B
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
C
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
D
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 20 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
From the perspective of bedside nursing fundamentals and quality patient care: What is the correct and recommended sequence for DOFFING (removing) PPE to minimize self-contamination risk?
A
Mask first -> Gown -> Gloves -> Goggles
B
Gown first -> Gloves -> Mask -> Goggles
C
Gloves first -> Mask -> Gown -> Goggles
D
Gloves first -> Goggles/Face Shield -> Gown -> Mask/Respirator (remove mask outside patient room for airborne)
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Gloves and gown front are the most contaminated: remove gloves first (or gloves and gown together), then goggles/face shield, gown, and finally mask/respirator after leaving the room.
Q. 21 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
In specialized clinical nursing practice: When caring for a patient colonized or infected with Clostridioides difficile, why is hand washing with antimicrobial soap and running water mandatory instead of using alcohol-based hand rub?
A
Alcohol hand sanitizers do not destroy C. difficile bacterial endospores; physical friction and running water are required to mechanically rinse spores away
✓ Correct
B
Alcohol reacts with C. difficile toxins to generate hazardous fumes
C
Soap and water enhance colonization of normal skin commensals on the patient
D
Alcohol hand rubs are ineffective against all Gram-positive bacterial pathogens
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
C. difficile produces resilient spores that resist alcohol inactivation; mechanical washing with soap and running water for >= 40-60 seconds is mandatory to physically remove spores.
Q. 22 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
Under ISPD, CDC and critical care nursing protocols, when caring for a patient colonized or infected with Clostridioides difficile, why is hand washing with antimicrobial soap and running water mandatory instead of using alcohol-based hand rub?
A
Soap and water enhance colonization of normal skin commensals on the patient
B
Alcohol hand sanitizers do not destroy C. difficile bacterial endospores; physical friction and running water are required to mechanically rinse spores away
✓ Correct
C
Alcohol hand rubs are ineffective against all Gram-positive bacterial pathogens
D
Alcohol reacts with C. difficile toxins to generate hazardous fumes
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
C. difficile produces resilient spores that resist alcohol inactivation; mechanical washing with soap and running water for >= 40-60 seconds is mandatory to physically remove spores.
Q. 23 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
A registered dialysis / ICU staff nurse caring for a clinical patient reviews: When caring for a patient colonized or infected with Clostridioides difficile, why is hand washing with antimicrobial soap and running water mandatory instead of using alcohol-based hand rub?
A
Alcohol hand rubs are ineffective against all Gram-positive bacterial pathogens
B
Alcohol reacts with C. difficile toxins to generate hazardous fumes
C
Alcohol hand sanitizers do not destroy C. difficile bacterial endospores; physical friction and running water are required to mechanically rinse spores away
✓ Correct
D
Soap and water enhance colonization of normal skin commensals on the patient
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
C. difficile produces resilient spores that resist alcohol inactivation; mechanical washing with soap and running water for >= 40-60 seconds is mandatory to physically remove spores.
Q. 24 Nursing
Difficulty: medium (1 Mark)
Regarding patient safety, aseptic procedures, and hospital infection prevention: When caring for a patient colonized or infected with Clostridioides difficile, why is hand washing with antimicrobial soap and running water mandatory instead of using alcohol-based hand rub?
A
Alcohol reacts with C. difficile toxins to generate hazardous fumes
B
Soap and water enhance colonization of normal skin commensals on the patient
C
Alcohol hand rubs are ineffective against all Gram-positive bacterial pathogens
D
Alcohol hand sanitizers do not destroy C. difficile bacterial endospores; physical friction and running water are required to mechanically rinse spores away
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
C. difficile produces resilient spores that resist alcohol inactivation; mechanical washing with soap and running water for >= 40-60 seconds is mandatory to physically remove spores.
Q. 25 Nursing
Difficulty: hard (1 Mark)
In emergency resuscitation, patient monitoring, and clinical triage, when caring for a patient colonized or infected with Clostridioides difficile, why is hand washing with antimicrobial soap and running water mandatory instead of using alcohol-based hand rub?
A
Alcohol hand sanitizers do not destroy C. difficile bacterial endospores; physical friction and running water are required to mechanically rinse spores away
✓ Correct
B
Soap and water enhance colonization of normal skin commensals on the patient
C
Alcohol hand rubs are ineffective against all Gram-positive bacterial pathogens
D
Alcohol reacts with C. difficile toxins to generate hazardous fumes
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
C. difficile produces resilient spores that resist alcohol inactivation; mechanical washing with soap and running water for >= 40-60 seconds is mandatory to physically remove spores.
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