Q. 1
Electronics Engineering
Difficulty: Medium
(1 Mark)
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are fabricated from direct bandgap compound semiconductors (such as GaAs, GaN, InGaN) rather than indirect bandgap semiconductors like Silicon because:
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Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
In direct bandgap semiconductors, the conduction band minimum and valence band maximum align at the same crystal momentum (k = 0). Radiative electron-hole recombination is direct and highly efficient, producing photons: lambda = h * c / Eg. In Silicon (indirect bandgap), recombination requires a phonon (lattice vibration), dissipating energy as heat.
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