📖 Tier 1: Prepare & Study Guide ✓ 100% Solved with Rationales

Maternal & Pediatric Nursing (Midwifery) (Nursing & Patient Care) Solved Questions & Notes (2026) - Apex Rankers

Medical & Health Sciences > Nursing & Patient Care > Maternal & Pediatric Nursing (Midwifery)

37 Total Solved Questions
~56 mins Estimated Reading Time
1 Subject Areas / Chapters
Select Topic Area / Chapter: Click any section below to switch questions

Maternal & Pediatric Nursing (Midwifery)

100%
Showing 25 of 37 (68%)
🎯 Practice
Jump:
Q. 1 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
An infant at 1 minute of life has a heart rate of 110 bpm, good vigorous cry, active motion of all extremities, grimaces to suctioning, but has pink body with blue extremities (acrocyanosis). What is the APGAR score?
A
7
B
8
C
9
✓ Correct
D
10
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Heart rate >100 (2), Good cry/respiration (2), Active motion/muscle tone (2), Grimace/reflex (2), Acrocyanosis/color (1) = Total APGAR score of 9.
Q. 2 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
The first stage of labor is defined as extending from the onset of true labor contractions until:
A
Rupture of amniotic membranes
B
Complete cervical dilation (10 cm) and full effacement
✓ Correct
C
Crowning of the fetal head
D
Delivery of the infant
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The first stage of labor begins with regular uterine contractions and concludes with complete cervical dilatation (10 cm). The second stage is delivery of the infant, and the third stage is delivery of the placenta.
Q. 3 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
When caring for a newborn receiving phototherapy for physiological neonatal jaundice, which essential nursing precautions must be maintained?
A
Keep the baby fully clothed in swaddle
B
Cover the infant's eyes with opaque eye patches and shield the genitalia, while monitoring hydration
✓ Correct
C
Withhold all breast milk feedings during phototherapy
D
Apply topical baby oil over the skin
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Eye shields protect retinas from photochemical damage; genitalia are covered, and frequent breastfeeding is promoted to prevent dehydration and accelerate bilirubin excretion.
Q. 4 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
At what age should exclusive breastfeeding ideally be supplemented with timely, nutritionally adequate complementary feeding (weaning)?
A
At 2 months
B
At 4 months
C
At 6 months (180 days)
✓ Correct
D
At 12 months
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
WHO and UNICEF recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life, followed by introduction of safe and nutritionally adequate complementary foods while continuing breastfeeding up to 2 years.
Q. 5 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
In a post-term pregnant patient receiving oxytocin (Pitocin) infusion for labor augmentation, what pattern of uterine contractions signifies hyperstimulation requiring immediate stoppage of oxytocin?
A
Contractions occurring every 2 to 3 minutes lasting 45 seconds
B
Contractions occurring more frequently than every 2 minutes or lasting longer than 90 seconds
✓ Correct
C
Mild irregular contractions once every 10 minutes
D
Contractions accompanied by back pain
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Uterine tachysystole (>5 contractions in 10 minutes or duration >90 seconds) compromises uteroplacental perfusion, causing fetal hypoxia; oxytocin must be discontinued immediately.
Q. 6 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
Which reflex is elicited in a newborn by touching or stroking the cheek, causing the baby to turn the head toward the stimulus and open the mouth?
A
Moro reflex
B
Rooting reflex
✓ Correct
C
Babinski reflex
D
Palmar grasp reflex
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The rooting reflex assists in breastfeeding; stroking the perioral area prompts the infant to turn toward the touch in search of the nipple.
Q. 7 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
The dark, sticky, greenish-black stool passed by a newborn within the first 24 to 48 hours of life is called:
A
Transitional stool
B
Meconium
✓ Correct
C
Milk stool
D
Curd stool
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Meconium is the earliest stool of an infant, composed of amniotic fluid, epithelial cells, mucus, and bile; failure to pass it within 48 hours warrants evaluation for obstruction or Hirschsprung disease.
Q. 8 Nursing
Difficulty: Hard (1 Mark)
During labor, sudden fetal bradycardia occurs following amniotomy, and a pulsating loop of umbilical cord is felt protruding into the vagina. What is the immediate nursing priority?
A
Encourage the mother to bear down vigorously
B
Insert a sterile gloved hand into the vagina to manually elevate the fetal presenting part off the cord while calling for emergency cesarean section
✓ Correct
C
Administer oxytocin immediately
D
Cover the cord with cold alcohol gauze
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Umbilical cord prolapse is an obstetric emergency; manual elevation of the fetal presenting part relieves compression on the cord vessels to prevent fetal asphyxia until emergent delivery.
Q. 9 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
Which vaccine should be administered to an Rh-negative unsensitized mother within 72 hours of delivering an Rh-positive infant to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn in future pregnancies?
A
Tetanus toxoid
B
Rh Immune Globulin (Anti-D / RhoGAM)
✓ Correct
C
Hepatitis B immunoglobulin
D
Rubella vaccine
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Anti-D immunoglobulin binds and clears fetal Rh-positive erythrocytes before maternal B-cells can undergo sensitization and form anti-D antibodies.
Q. 10 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
In a post-operative pediatric ward, which developmental behavior is typically demonstrated by a normal 12-month-old infant?
A
Walking independently and speaking full sentences
B
Standing alone momentarily, cruising furniture, and saying mama/dada with meaning
✓ Correct
C
Riding a tricycle
D
Hopping on one foot
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
By 12 months, typical motor and language milestones include pulling to stand, cruising, using a neat pincer grasp, and saying 1-2 specific words with intent.
Q. 11 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
Lochia rubra, the initial vaginal discharge following delivery, is characterized by:
A
Yellow-white serous drainage
B
Bright red or dark red blood mixed with decidual tissue lasting 3-4 days postpartum
✓ Correct
C
Pinkish-brown discharge lasting 2 weeks
D
Green purulent discharge
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Normal lochial progression is Lochia rubra (days 1-4, red), Lochia serosa (days 4-10, pink-brown), and Lochia alba (days 10-28, yellowish-white).
Q. 12 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
In an infant with severe dehydration from acute gastroenteritis, which clinical signs would the nurse anticipate?
A
Bulging fontanelle and hypertension
B
Sunken anterior fontanelle, dry mucous membranes, delayed skin turgor, and lethargy
✓ Correct
C
Excessive tearing and moist skin
D
Rapid weight gain
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Severe pediatric dehydration produces depressed fontanelles, sunken eyes, dry mouth, skin tenting (>2 seconds), and sluggish capillary refill.
Q. 13 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
What is the primary danger of administering aspirin to a child recovering from a viral illness like influenza or chickenpox?
A
Aplastic anemia
B
Reye's syndrome (acute hepatic encephalopathy)
✓ Correct
C
Renal tubular acidosis
D
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Aspirin in children with viral infections is linked to Reye's syndrome, a life-threatening disorder characterized by fatty liver failure and cerebral edema.
Q. 14 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
The recommended site for intramuscular immunizations (e.g., Pentavalent, PCV) in infants under 12 months of age is the:
A
Dorsogluteal muscle
B
Anterolateral aspect of the thigh (Vastus lateralis muscle)
✓ Correct
C
Deltoid muscle
D
Ventral forearm
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The vastus lateralis is the largest, best-developed muscle mass in infants and avoids the risk of sciatic nerve damage associated with gluteal sites.
Q. 15 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Which maneuver is performed by placing the mother's thighs in extreme flexion against her abdomen to resolve shoulder dystocia during delivery?
A
Ritgen maneuver
B
McRoberts maneuver
✓ Correct
C
Zavanelli maneuver
D
Mauriceau-Smellie-Veit maneuver
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
McRoberts maneuver flattens the sacral promontory and cephalad rotation of the pubic symphysis, easing the impacted anterior fetal shoulder.
Q. 16 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
Which of the following is the most common and earliest warning sign of ectopic pregnancy in a woman of childbearing age?
A
Painless vaginal bleeding alone
B
Unilateral lower abdominal or pelvic pain with amenorrhea and abnormal vaginal spotting
✓ Correct
C
High fever and purulent vaginal discharge
D
Severe hyperemesis
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The classic clinical triad of ectopic pregnancy is missed menstrual period (amenorrhea), unilateral pelvic/abdominal pain, and vaginal bleeding.
Q. 17 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
In a child with asthma, how should the nurse instruct the parent to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer?
A
Breathe in very rapidly through the nose
B
Shake the inhaler, exhale completely, press the canister once, and inhale slowly and deeply through the mouth, holding breath for 10 seconds
✓ Correct
C
Take two puffs simultaneously
D
Exhale into the spacer chamber
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
A spacer maximizes drug delivery to small airways; the patient exhales, actuates one puff into the chamber, inhales slowly over 3-5 seconds, and holds breath for 10 seconds.
Q. 18 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
What is the recommended first-line nursing intervention to arrest primary postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony?
A
Perform immediate bimanual uterine massage until firm
✓ Correct
B
Prepare for immediate hysterectomy
C
Administer cold water enema
D
Place the patient in prone position
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Vigorous fundal massage stimulates the atonic myometrium to contract and clamp down on severed placental site vessels.
Q. 19 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
A 2-year-old child presents with barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and hoarseness that worsens at night. The nurse recognizes this as:
A
Acute bronchiolitis
B
Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
✓ Correct
C
Asthma
D
Pneumonia
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Viral croup (most commonly parainfluenza) produces subglottic airway edema resulting in a characteristic 'seal-bark' cough and inspiratory stridor.
Q. 20 Nursing
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
Which fontanelle in an infant is diamond-shaped and normally closes between 12 to 18 months of age?
A
Posterior fontanelle
B
Anterior fontanelle (Bregma)
✓ Correct
C
Sphenoid fontanelle
D
Mastoid fontanelle
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The anterior fontanelle is diamond-shaped and closes around 12-18 months; the triangular posterior fontanelle closes early, between 6-8 weeks after birth.
Q. 21 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Clinical Scenario 3: In managing a specialized nursing procedure for Maternal & Pediatric Nursing (Midwifery), which clinical standard ensures optimal patient safety and outcome?
A
Adhere strictly to aseptic technique, continuous vital signs monitoring, and documentation of patient tolerance
✓ Correct
B
Bypass safety checklists to expedite bedside care
C
Delegate patient assessment to non-clinical orderlies
D
Administer medication without checking physician orders
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Adherence to institutional aseptic guidelines, rigorous monitoring of patient physiological responses, and precise charting constitute the gold standard of professional nursing accountability.
Q. 22 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Clinical Scenario 7: In managing a specialized nursing procedure for Maternal & Pediatric Nursing (Midwifery), which clinical standard ensures optimal patient safety and outcome?
A
Adhere strictly to aseptic technique, continuous vital signs monitoring, and documentation of patient tolerance
✓ Correct
B
Bypass safety checklists to expedite bedside care
C
Delegate patient assessment to non-clinical orderlies
D
Administer medication without checking physician orders
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Adherence to institutional aseptic guidelines, rigorous monitoring of patient physiological responses, and precise charting constitute the gold standard of professional nursing accountability.
Q. 23 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Clinical Scenario 11: In managing a specialized nursing procedure for Maternal & Pediatric Nursing (Midwifery), which clinical standard ensures optimal patient safety and outcome?
A
Adhere strictly to aseptic technique, continuous vital signs monitoring, and documentation of patient tolerance
✓ Correct
B
Bypass safety checklists to expedite bedside care
C
Delegate patient assessment to non-clinical orderlies
D
Administer medication without checking physician orders
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Adherence to institutional aseptic guidelines, rigorous monitoring of patient physiological responses, and precise charting constitute the gold standard of professional nursing accountability.
Q. 24 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Clinical Scenario 15: In managing a specialized nursing procedure for Maternal & Pediatric Nursing (Midwifery), which clinical standard ensures optimal patient safety and outcome?
A
Adhere strictly to aseptic technique, continuous vital signs monitoring, and documentation of patient tolerance
✓ Correct
B
Bypass safety checklists to expedite bedside care
C
Delegate patient assessment to non-clinical orderlies
D
Administer medication without checking physician orders
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Adherence to institutional aseptic guidelines, rigorous monitoring of patient physiological responses, and precise charting constitute the gold standard of professional nursing accountability.
Q. 25 Nursing
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Clinical Scenario 19: In managing a specialized nursing procedure for Maternal & Pediatric Nursing (Midwifery), which clinical standard ensures optimal patient safety and outcome?
A
Adhere strictly to aseptic technique, continuous vital signs monitoring, and documentation of patient tolerance
✓ Correct
B
Bypass safety checklists to expedite bedside care
C
Delegate patient assessment to non-clinical orderlies
D
Administer medication without checking physician orders
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Adherence to institutional aseptic guidelines, rigorous monitoring of patient physiological responses, and precise charting constitute the gold standard of professional nursing accountability.
Study Stream Progress: Showing 25 of 37 Questions (68%)
Jump to:

Ready to Test Your Retention & Speed?

Now that you have reviewed the study questions and rationales, test yourself in our interactive 1-by-1 practice engine or take the full official timed mock exam.