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Shariah/Fiqh (Islamic Studies) Solved Questions & Notes (2026) - Apex Rankers

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Shariah/Fiqh

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25 Questions in this set
Choose the correct answer for the following Islamic Studies questions:
Q. 1 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
What is called a code of law for the Islamic way of life which Allah has revealed for the mankind and follow?
A
Qiyas
B
Shariah
✓ Correct
C
Ijma
D
Ijtehad
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Shariah is the divine legal framework derived from the Qur'an and Sunnah.
Q. 2 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
What is the literal meaning of Shariah?
A
A clear straight path
✓ Correct
B
Instructions to follow
C
Making a new laws
D
Obeying the elders
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Literally, Shariah refers to a path leading to a watering place or a straight path.
Q. 3 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
What is Fiqh?
A
The science of Islamic Law
✓ Correct
B
The science of Qur'an
C
The science of Sunnah
D
None of them
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Fiqh is the human understanding and jurisprudential application of Shariah.
Q. 4 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
What is the meaning of Fiqh?
A
Obeying
B
Following
C
Understanding
✓ Correct
D
Manipulation
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Linguistically, the Arabic word Fiqh (فقه) literally means deep understanding, comprehension, or discernment.

In its technical Islamic usage, it refers to the science of Islamic Jurisprudence—the deep process of understanding, extracting, and applying practical religious laws from their detailed proofs in the Holy Quran and Sunnah.
Q. 5 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Science of Islamic Law is called:
A
Prudence
B
Independence
C
Jurisprudence
✓ Correct
D
All of them
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The science of Islamic law is known in English as Islamic Jurisprudence, which is the direct translation of the Arabic word Fiqh (فقه).

While Shariah represents the broad, divine path and core moral values revealed by Allah, Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) is the systematic human science of understanding, extracting, and applying those divine laws to everyday practical situations using legal sources like the Holy Quran, Sunnah, Ijma, and Qiyas.
Q. 6 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
Which is the first source of Shariah?
A
The Holy Qur'an
✓ Correct
B
The Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (SAW)
C
Both (a) & (b)
D
None of them
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
In Islamic jurisprudence (Usul al-Fiqh), The Holy Qur'an is universally recognized as the first, absolute, and foundational source of Shariah.

Because it is believed by Muslims to be the direct, literal word of Allah revealed to the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW), it holds the highest authority. All other legal sources must align with its overarching principles and cannot contradict its explicit text.
Q. 7 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
What is the literal meaning of Ijtehad?
A
Assessment
B
Feasibility
C
Devotion
D
None of them
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The literal meaning of the Arabic word Ijtehad (or Ijtihad) is to strive, exert utmost effort, struggle, or labor hard. It is derived from the root word Jehd or Juhd, which represents pouring all of one's physical or mental energy into a difficult task.

Because words like Assessment, Feasibility, or Devotion do not translate to "striving/exerting utmost effort," none of the provided choices are linguistically accurate, making "None of them" the correct choice.
Q. 8 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
From where the word Ijtihad is derived?
A
Jehad
✓ Correct
B
Mujtahid
C
Hidayet
D
Judh
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Both Ijtihad and Jehad are derived from the exact same three-letter Arabic root verb, J-H-D (ج-ه-د).
The root word literally means to strive, struggle, exert effort, or labor.
Jehad represents a physical or external struggle to strive in the way of Allah.
Ijtihad is a grammatical derivation (Stem VIII) of the same root, which represents an intellectual or mental struggle where an Islamic scholar exerts their utmost mental capacity to deduce legal solutions.
Q. 9 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Ijma is one of the types of:
A
Ijtehad
B
Sect
C
Qiyas
D
Law
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Ijma (consensus) is a primary source of Islamic law after Qur'an and Sunnah.
Q. 10 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
What is the literal meaning of Qiyas?
A
Thinking
✓ Correct
B
Searching
C
Judging
D
Independent decision
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
It is important to note that linguistically in Arabic, the literal meaning of Qiyas (قياس) actually means to measure, estimate, or compare one thing with another. In Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), it serves as the fourth source of Islamic law, defined technically as analogical deduction or reasoning. Because the word implies using human reason to think through a parallel scenario and estimate a legal ruling based on an existing text, exam compilations map its closest generalized intent to Thinking.
Q. 11 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Qiyas means essentially to:
A
Use human reasoning to compare an existing situation with one for which legislation already exists
✓ Correct
B
Make independent decisions
C
Judge carefully
D
Make new laws
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
This describes the process of analogical deduction in jurisprudence.
Q. 12 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
What is literal meaning of Ijma?
A
Cooperate one another
B
Meeting occasionally
C
Making new decisions
D
Uniting in opinion
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Ijma refers to the consensus or unanimous agreement of the scholars.
Q. 13 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Ijma is the consensus of the Islamic community on some point of:
A
Difference
B
Law
✓ Correct
C
Reference
D
Opinion
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Ijma specifically addresses points of religious law where clarity is needed.
Q. 14 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Ijma can operate only where:
A
Qiyas is not possible
B
Ulema have difference of opinion
C
People are of the same opinion
D
The Qur'an and the Hadis have not clarified a certain aspect of the law
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Consensus is sought when direct textual evidence is not present for a specific issue.
Q. 15 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Analogy is synonym of:
A
Ijtehad
B
Qiyas
✓ Correct
C
Ijma
D
Sunnah
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Qiyas is the process of using analogy to derive legal rulings.
Q. 16 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Under the Islamic law of inheritance, what would be the share of the wife from husband's property in the presence of children?
A
Half
B
One-third
C
One-eighth
✓ Correct
D
One-fourth
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
If the deceased husband has children, the wife's prescribed share is 1/8.
Q. 17 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
Jizva (Jizya) means:
A
Religious tax
B
Poll-tax on non-Muslims
✓ Correct
C
Lands cultivated by non-Muslims
D
Income from the minorities
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Jizya is a per capita yearly tax historically levied on non-Muslim subjects of an Islamic state.
Q. 18 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
What do you understand by 'Al-Fay'?
A
Lands cultivated by Muslims
B
Lands conquered by Muslims which became the property of Islamic state
✓ Correct
C
Lands cultivated by non-Muslims
D
All of above
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Al-Fay refers to properties acquired from the enemy without a formal military engagement.
Q. 19 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
The famous book of Fiqh "Kitab-ul-Kharaj" was written by:
A
Imam Abu Hanifa
B
Imam Shafi
C
Imam Abu Yousaf
✓ Correct
D
Imam Malik
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Imam Abu Yusuf was the primary student of Abu Hanifa and a famous jurist/author.
Q. 20 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
It is the third source of Islamic Fiqh:
A
Quran
B
Ijma
✓ Correct
C
Hadith
D
Ijtehad
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Following the Qur'an and Sunnah (Hadith), Ijma (consensus) is the third primary source of law.
Q. 21 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
A land tax imposed on the non-Muslims cultivators and landlords was known as:
A
Jizya
B
Kharaj
✓ Correct
C
Khums
D
None of these
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
Kharaj was the land tax specifically applied to agricultural lands in the early Islamic state.
Q. 22 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
When was the Qiblah changed?
A
2nd Hijri
✓ Correct
B
3rd Hijri
C
4th Hijri
D
1st Hijri
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The direction of prayer shifted from Jerusalem to Mecca in 2 AH.
Q. 23 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Easy (1 Mark)
What is the general meaning of Wuzu?
A
Purification
B
Ablution
✓ Correct
C
Cleanliness
D
Perfection
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
The literal English translation and general meaning of the Arabic word Wudu (or Urdu Wuzu) is Ablution, which specifically means the act of washing oneself for ritual purification.
Q. 24 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
How many obligations or Farz of Wuzu are?
A
Three
B
Five
C
Six
D
Four
✓ Correct
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
There are four mandatory acts of washing during Wuzu.
Q. 25 Islamic Studies
Difficulty: Medium (1 Mark)
How many Sunan-e-Wuzu are?
A
12
B
14
✓ Correct
C
15
D
13
💡 Step-by-Step Explanation & Concept Rationale
the total number of Sunan-e-Wuzu (Sunnah actions of ablution) according to standard Hanafi jurisprudence texts is officially calculated as 14.These 14 traditional Sunnah acts include:
Making the intention (Niyyah)
Saying Bismillah before starting
Washing both hands up to the wrists three times
Using the tooth-stick (Miswak)
Rinsing the mouth three times (Madmadah)
Sniffing water into the nose three times (Istinshaq)
Combing or running wet fingers through the beard (Khilal-e-Lehya)
Interlacing and washing between the fingers and toes (Khilal-e-Asabeh)
Washing each part three times (Taslees)
Wiping the entire head once (Masah-e-Kull)
Wiping both ears inside and outPerforming Wuzu in the prescribed order (Tarteeb)
Washing the body parts one after another without any long gap so they don't dry out (Muwalat)
Starting each step from the right side (Tayamun)
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